Abstract 9/2025

Table of content

Robert Tomanek – Carbon footprint of municipal public transport – methodology and calculation results for the GZM Metropolis 

Krzysztof Grzelec, Maciej Helbin, Olgierd Wyszomirski – Changes in the behaviour and transport preferences of Gdynia residents in 2018-2024

Dominika Hyży, Anna Wojnarowicz, Zuzanna Kurowska, Emilia Kruczek,  Michał Małysz – Jelenia Góra in the light of the PoPT in the context of access to passenger transport to selected Polish and European cities

Filip Janowiec, Tomasz Kula, Małgorzata Bień – Potential use of the Limanowa station in agglomeration and long-distance traffic

 

Abstracts

Robert Tomanek

Carbon footprint of municipal public transport – methodology and calculation results for the GZM Metropolis

Abstract: The aim of the article is to present a methodology for calculating the Corporate Carbon Footprint (CCF) tailored to municipal public transport enterprises, as well as the results of a study conducted in 2025 for municipal transport operators operating within the Upper Silesian–Zagłębie Metropolis (GZM Metropolis). The paper discusses emission scopes in accordance with the GHG Protocol, data sources, methodological challenges, and calculation results. The study highlights the role of fossil fuels and electricity in greenhouse gas emissions. It also provides practical guidelines for conducting carbon footprint calculations and for the use of the data obtained.

Key words: municipal public transport, public transport company, carbon footprint

Krzysztof Grzelec, Maciej Helbin, Olgierd Wyszomirski

Changes in the behaviour and transport preferences of Gdynia residents in 2018-2024

Abstract:  Residents’ transportation behaviour and preferences should be systematically studied to rationally shape transportation offer and implement effective measures to balance mobility. In Gdynia, such studies are systematically conducted using standardized face-to-face interviews with randomly selected inhabitants in households. The sample is stratified. The strata are formed by individual city districts, taking into account the structure of their residents by gender and age. The comparative results of studies conducted in Gdynia in 2018 and 2024, presented in this article, cover the structure of residents but first of all their transportation behaviour and preferences. The structure of residents was examined by gender, age, socio-professional status, and automotive status. Within the framework of transport behaviour, the study presented the way of making urban trips, the purposes of urban trips, the reasons for using passenger cars and public transport for urban trips, and the modal structure of urban trips. The presentation of the results of the survey on residents’ transport preferences was limited to a hierarchy of transport requirements, including direct connections, frequency of departures, accessibility of stops, punctuality of departures, travel speed, reliability of access, low cost, regularity of departures, travel comfort, comprehensive information, and any other requirements identified on their own by the surveyed residents.

Key words: urban transport, public transport, transport quality, passenger preferences

 

Dominika Hyży, Anna Wojnarowicz, Zuzanna Kurowska, Emilia Kruczek,  Michał Małysz 

Jelenia Góra in the light of the PoPT in the context of access to passenger transport to selected Polish and European cities 

Abstract: Multimodal passenger transport is often the only way to travel between two locations located far apart. Transferring is not as comfortable as direct access, but with convenient connections, it does not have to be difficult. However, much depends on the timetable, which, especially in the case of rail and bus transport, may not be integrated. Having to walk from the platform to the bus departure point creates uncertainty about whether one will make the connection in time.  It is crucial to ensure adequate time, which depends on the scale of the journey. Interregional journeys require at least 20 minutes to avoid having to worry about transfers, for example, from train to bus. The assumption behind multimodal passenger transport is that the train should cover the greatest distance possible, and if continuing the train journey is impossible, a transfer to a regional bus can be made. The purpose of this article is to analyse the case of Jelenia Góra and the possibilities of multimodal passenger transport in light of the PoPT indicator, which quantitatively describes the effectiveness of multimodal solutions. The analysis will examine journeys to a number of potential destinations for those starting their journey in Jelenia Góra. As a result, it will be possible to assess transport accessibility from a multimodal perspective across many Polish regions and European examples, and create an accessibility ranking that could be used to determine the development of public transport connections.

Key words: Jelenia Góra, multimodal passenger transport, public transport efficiency, PoPT, rail transport, bus transport

 

Filip Janowiec, Tomasz Kula, Małgorzata Bień

Potential use of the Limanowa station in agglomeration and long-distance traffic

Abstract:  The article analyses the potential of Limanowa station as a key hub for suburban and long-distance rail services following the “Podłęże-Piekiełko” investment. The study evaluates the feasibility of utilizing modernized infrastructure to support high-frequency passenger rail operations. The authors demonstrate that through track layout reconfiguration and the implementation of modern platforms, Limanowa station will become a strategic interchange point connecting local traffic flows with trunk line connections to Kraków and Nowy Sącz. Transforming the facility into an efficient multimodal hub is essential for optimizing the transport offer and enhancing the region’s accessibility on both national and international levels.

Key words: Limanowa station, modernisation of railway infrastructure, railway junction, agglomeration railway